4th year doctoral student Kazuya Nozawa's dissertationOnline version of Neuron.。For Press releaseClick here. 2022。
by improving Expansion Microscopy (ExM), a high-resolution microscopy technique、Molecules that determine the individuality of synapses in the brain at the nano level (one millionth of a millimeter is one nanometer)：nm) revealed the structure of。

The neural network that underpins the functioning of the brain、Nerve cells are connected to each other by synapses。Various molecules that connect synapses are、Because it is concentrated in a narrow region of about 100 to 1000 nm in the synapse、Its detailed distribution cannot be observed with the resolution of conventional optical microscopes (approximately 200 nm).。there、Nozawa-kun, together with Hayashi-san、We further improved ExM, a technology that expands the specimen itself to about 1000 times its volume.、By optimizing for synaptic observation、For the first time, we succeeded in clarifying the structure and interrelationships of molecular groups that connect excitatory synapses in mouse neural networks at the nano-level.。According to the comment, 、A group of synaptic molecules that bind to neurexin (neurexin ligand)、It was discovered that they accumulate as units of ``nanodomains'' of several tens of nanometers each within synapses.。further、Depending on the type of neurexin present at the presynaptic site、It has been found that the arrangement of nanodomains of post-synaptic synaptic molecules and glutamate receptors is determined。
From the results of this research、The characteristics of synapses that support brain function、It turns out that each specialized synaptic molecule is created by interacting at the nano level.。These molecular groups have been reported to be associated with many psychiatric disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders.、It is expected that the results of this research will lead to an understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases and the developmental mechanisms of normal neural circuits.。Taku Sogabe, a fifth-year medical student, also contributed greatly to the development of ExM.。

The 151st BrainClub presenters include:、We invited Dr. Takuya Sasaki from the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University (Friday, July 15, 2022).、Face-to-face and web hybrid format)。heavy rain、Welcome to Keio University、He gave a lecture titled "Operating Principles of the Hippocampal Circuit Controlling Learning and Memory".。from the hippocampus and related brain regionsin vivoCan be deciphered from analysis results using multi-unit recording、Changes in neural activity during individual learning and memory、He talked about the research results obtained so far.。Also、Please also make a presentation on a new attempt to expand the recording target beyond the brain with the latest knowledge.、Lively discussions took place。

The photo is a commemorative photo taken after the lecture。Sasaki-sensei is in the center back row。Yuzusaki lab has many electrophysiology members。* There is no deep meaning in blurring the background (automatic adjustment of a certain Google smartphone used for trial)。After all, clean up a little ry (conference)

Assistant Professor Takano received the Young Investigator Award from Keio University School of Medicine in the 4th year of Reiwa.。Congratulations!

To understand how neural circuits in the brain work、There is a need for technology that selectively activates glutamate receptors, which are neurotransmitter receptors that control memory and learning.。In this research、While maintaining the original glutamate response ability、Developed a mutant glutamate receptor (metabolized type) activated by an artificial compound。We created mice that actually expressed this artificial glutamate receptor in a specific cell type.、It was shown that the administration of artificial compounds activates metabotropic glutamate receptors in a cell-type selective manner.。It is expected that the understanding of neural circuits will be accelerated by using this new technology "coordination chemogenetics method".。This research was supported by ERATO / CREST, Nagoya University Kiyonaka Lab.、This is a joint research with Kyoto University Hamaji Lab.。Click here for the paper

Brain Club 150th、Dr. Shogo Omae of Baylor College of Medicine gave a lecture on "Cerebellum Network Dynamics in Time Information Processing" (June 2, 2022).、web held)。Pressing for a review of the classical cerebellum computational principles、Regarding the new theory of "time information processing created by network dynamics of recurrent cerebellar circuits"、Experimental verification results using in vivo electrophysiology、About the dynamics generated from the artificial network model that imitates the cerebellar circuit、Lively discussions took place。

The commemorative photo is a screenshot of the PC screen (edited)。Looking at the camera ≠ Looking at the monitor?。even if、There is room for improvement in shooting timing control、Train the cerebellum (press conference)。

Invited Dr. Kenta Hagiwara of Allen Institute to the 149th Brain Club、Lecture on real-time online (April 27, 2022)。In addition to research results on neural circuit motifs that control the fear state of living things、Including the latest findings on the more general control of pleasant and unpleasant emotions、We had you discuss。Set in the new division "Allen Institute for Neural dynamics" of Allen, a new world、I'm looking forward to the future development of "In vivo physiology" (also a certain podcast?)。(Press conference)

The above image is a screenshot after the lecture、Hagiwara-sensei is the second from the left in the upper row (click the image to enlarge)。Excerpts from participants with camera ON。It may have overflowed off the screen due to the large number of participants.、Please pardon。* The secretariat is a "specification" that is not shown because it is a photographer.。

A translation of the 3rd edition of the original Brainbook "Mieru Brain" has been published.。It is a general book that explains the basic structure and function of the brain in an easy-to-understand manner with CG, illustrations and photographs.。It is a general book that explains the basic structure and function of the brain in an easy-to-understand manner with CG, illustrations and photographs.。It is a general book that explains the basic structure and function of the brain in an easy-to-understand manner with CG, illustrations and photographs.。

2/24 (Thur)、The 148th Brain Club was held、The 148th Brain Club was held。About the active role of glial cells in controlling brain function、About the active role of glial cells in controlling brain function、About the active role of glial cells in controlling brain function。How glial cells and nerve cells support (follow?) Each other、How glial cells and nerve cells support (follow?) Each other。

How glial cells and nerve cells support (follow?) Each other、How glial cells and nerve cells support (follow?) Each other、How glial cells and nerve cells support (follow?) Each other、With the students of Yuzuzaki Lab、How glial cells and nerve cells support (follow?) Each other

With the students of Yuzuzaki Lab。

The 147th Brain Club was held!、1The 147th Brain Club was held!。Technologies that enable efficient and quantitative analysis of continuous-section electron microscopic images、He gave a lecture on the interesting role of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria in nerve cells.。3D reconstruction using CLEM (video that is assembled on the xyz axis is cool)、One of the analyzes I would like to try in the future (press conference)。

One of the analyzes I would like to try in the future (press conference)

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Fromthe President of the Japan Neuroscience SocietyGreetings at the beginning of the year2022。Let's all do our best this year, too!

12/8/2021, we held our 146th Brain Club and(welcomed Dr. Shigeki Watanabe of the Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine as the speaker。His talk was titled "Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission."、He talked about the latest endocytosis mechanism at the presynaptic mechanism using the quick freezing method.。This time, the online seminar was held over 2 days, across the time difference of 14 hours.。(The snapshot after the personal interviews the day after the seminar)。